|
|
Monitoring the living environment in the house
Dlugoš, Daniel ; Ježek, Michal (referee) ; Staněk, Kamil (advisor)
This work, tries to create a small, rechargeable and portable device that senses temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, dust particles, carbon dioxide and VOC concentration. The air quality monitor can reliably measure the physical quantities encountered in every indoor environment, evaluate them and display them to the user. The sensors, data storage module and OLED display are housed on a custom-made PCB board.
|
|
|
Total and Bioaccessible Fraction of Elements in Urban Aerosol
Mikuška, Pavel ; Cigánková, Hana ; Hegrová, J.
Atmospheric aerosols have significant impact on health and environment. Elements constitute an important particulate component which have received the attention to understand their environmental and health impacts. Elements enter the human body through inhalation of aerosols causing several health issue (asthma, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, lung cancer).\nThe potential health effects of elements in PM depend on their toxicity, concentration, and bioaccessibility. It is assumed that the bioaccessible fraction of elements is more relevant for evaluating human health risks than the total concentration of elements. The aim of this study was to determine the total and bioaccessible concentration of elements in urban PM1 and PM2.5 aerosol during four seasons.
|
|
|
PM2.5 concentration field in the air of Zadni Treban village during heating season
Wallenfelsová, Karolína ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis evaluates the impact of local heating on PM2,5 concentrations mo- nitored in a village Zadní Třebaň in Central Bohemia between 21. 12. 2021 and 3. 2. 2022. It also examines the effect wind speed and temperature have on the PM2,5 concentrations. The PM2,5 concentrations were measured using both stationary and mobile monitoring. For the stationary monitoring, 7 DustTrak 8520 monitors (integration time 1 min) were used. A network of these monitors was built to cover different settlement (village edge, village center) as well as geological types of locations (valley, hill). The mobile monitoring took place 31. 1. 2022 over the course of 7 walks during which PM2,5 and PNC concentration were measured. Portable monitors were used for mobile mea- surements - DustTrak DRX for measuring PM2,5 concentrations and P-Trak for measuring particle number concentrations (PNC). The integration time for both of these monitors was 1 s. The aim of the mobile monitoring was to supplement knowledge gained from the stationary monitoring. The highest average 24h PM2,5 concentrations were measured on the 22. and 23. 12. 2021. On the 22nd the US EPA limit of 35 µg · m−3 was exceeded on almost all measuring sites except Stations 4 and 7. On the 23rd the limit was exceeded on all measuring sites except...
|
|
|
PM2.5 field in the air of Družec village during heating season
Šmok, Dominik ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Kozáková, Jana (referee)
Residential heating by solid fuel combustion in small settlements has great potential to degrade air quality, especially PM2.5 emissions, during the winter heating season, to such an extent, that WHO and US-EPA limits for PM2.5 are frequently exceeded. There were found significant temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity of the PM2.5 concentration field. 24h limit for PM2.5 (US-EPA, 35 μg∙m-3) using a stationary network of 6 monitors measuring minute concentration of PM2.5, In the village Družec, Kladno district, during the 14-day measuring campaign. Campaign average exceeded the limit at the primary school garden. In the other sites, the limit was usually exceeded occasionally except one day, when the limit exceedance was recorded in all the sites as well at the whole area of the Czech Republic. The analysis of time course of minute values of PM2.5 shows that the residential heating increased PM2.5 concentrations on average by 61-72% (16-25 g∙m-3) or 40-49% (6-10 g∙m-3) at exposed or background sites respectively; PM2.5 values decreased exponentially with wind speed up to 2 m∙s-1, when they stabilized at 8-16 g∙m-3. At the microscale of the village, there were also found spatial and temporal heterogeneity of PM2.5 and aerosol particle concentrations PNC using by mobile measurement of PNC...
|
|
|
Spatio-temporal PM2.5 variability in village during winter.
Štědrá, Karolína ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Bendl, Jan (referee)
This thesis evaluates the spatial variability of PM2.5 concentrations during two winter months in the small village Lbín close to Teplice at the turn of the year 2017/2018. The PM2.5 concentrations were monitored through a dedicated monitoring network using a total of eight DustTrak laser nephelometers (Model 8520). Six DustTraks were located directly in the village in the valley, one of them was located on the hill above the valley and the last one was located approximately in the half of the hill. Using a network measurements, we tried to determine that the household heatings are the main sources of air pollution in the village. The basic meteorological parameters - wind speed and direction, temperature and air humidity were monitored together with PM2.5 concentrations. It was observed statistically significant difference between the measuring stations, which points to the unevenly distribution of pollution sources. The particle concentrations typically reach peak values in the morning and in the evening. The maximum peak values were 2607 μg·m-3 in December and 4347 μg·m-3 in January. The lowest maximum values were 223 μg·m-3 and 177 μg·m-3 for devices located above the village. An important factor contributing to the current situation was wind speed. If the wind speed was higher than 1,29 m·s-1...
|
|
|
PM Exposure in Climbing Gyms: Case study of two climbing walls in Prague
Bartošová, Nikola ; Bendl, Jan (advisor) ; Makeš, Otakar (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of high exposure of dust particles PM10, PM2.5 a PM1 in two specific climbing gyms in Prague. The source of these particles is linked to the use of magnesia alba that the climbers use to dry up the skin of their hands. The thesis analyzes the expected correlation between the dust particles concentration and the current number of visitors of the climbing gym. The dust particles are proven to have a negative effect on the health of individuals. The dust particles measured in this thesis are able to penetrate the respiratory tract. The size segregated aerosol was measured using DustTrak DRX. It is a laser nephelometer. In one of the gyms, a gravimetric analysis was performed, using a Harvard impactor that measures the PM10 concentration. All measurements were performed within the period of 20.4.2016 -5.2.2017. In the climbing center Mammut, the PM10 exposure was measured at 0,125 - 0,167 mg*m-3 , which could quadruple in the most frequented time periods. The climbing gym SmíchOFF measured the maximum levels of PM10 at 0,368 - 0,901 mg*m-3 . Both climbing centers exceeded the average daily imission limits for PM10 and PM2.5. From the health perspective, it is recommended to prevent such high exposure levels or lower the concentrations in the climbing gyms by suitable...
|
|
|
Vliv emisí prachových částic a pachových látek z intenzivního výkrmu drůbeže na životní prostředí v okolí chovu.
COUFAL, Marek
This thesis is about evaluation of the influence of odorus substances and dust particles from intensive poultry farming to the environment. Measurement was done on a family farm near the forest in spring and autumn in 2017. The fattening of broilers is carried out there in four fattening halls with a total of 103,000 units. Poultry is fattened on the farm for 238 days during the whole calendar year after 7 batches. Sampling was carried out from one of these halls. The values obtained are ranged from 59 / m3 to 215 / m3 for odorous substances and particulate matter PM10 ranging from 0.061 mg to 0.0765 mg. PM2.5 dust particles showed values of 0.042 mg after 0.1535 mg. Evaluation of odorous substances was performed by the method of dynamic olfactometry according to the standard ČSN EN 13 725. The values obtained were ranged from 59 / m3 to 215 / m3. The range of production specific emissions was between 0.013828 and 0.298366 ( / / s). The PM10 particle emission production rate between 0,0000179 and 0,0001094 (mg / pc / year) and PM2,5 from 0,0000642 to 0,0001672 (mg / pc / year) was determined using the particulate measurement methodology. These data were compared with the relevant air pollution limits according to Annex No. 1 to the Act on Air Protection No.201 / 2012 Coll., Immission background in the locality and a dispersion study was prepared for them.
|
|
| |
|
|
Quantitative estimation of releases of airborne dust from the mine Bílina (Stage 2)
Sokol, Zbyněk ; Svoboda, Jaroslav
The aim of this study was to calculate the relative deposition of dust in the mine Bílina during the year 2012. The relative deposition was expressed in percentage of a total mass of dust that was created as a result of mining activities . These calculations were made for two sizes of dust (PM10 , PM2.5) and for different types of resources excavators, loaders, etc.). The annual average of the relative deposition was obtained by statistical processing of the calculated deposition for various meteorological scenarios. The scenarios were determined using the local meteorological measurements.
|
|
| |
guest ::
